ABSTRACT
Alternative drug delivery for the treatment of resistant bacterial infections is necessary to bypass existing antibioticresistance mechanism and ensure direct delivery of the drug to the targeted site using locally sourced materialsto minimize cost in the long term. In this study, cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate aragonite nanoparticles(CS-CaCO3NP) was synthesized, loaded with oxytetracycline (OTC), and characterized using Zeta analysis,Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FESEM, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) andBrunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The loaded OTC-CS-CaCO3NP was further characterized after which the in vitrorelease of OTC was studied. A homogenously spherical CS-CaCO3NP was observed on TEM with a mean diameter of29.90 nm and −19.9 zeta potential which increased to 62.40 nm and −23.5, respectively, after OTC loading. XRD andFTIR analysis of OTC-CS-CaCO3NP revealed that OTC maintained its functionality and crystallinity. The formulationof OTC:CS-CaCO3NP in ratio 1:4 with drug encapsulating efficiency (71%) was used for in vitro release studies.OTC was sustainably released from OTC-CS-CaCO3NP over a period of 96 hours. Our results suggest that OTC-CSCaCO3NP is a promising nanoparticle antibiotic delivery system with efficient physicochemical and pharmacologicalproperties whose antibiotic properties should be further investigated.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The present study was designed to assess the role of vitamin-D, in the development of autoimmune thyroid dysfunction in newly diagnosed schizophrenics
Methods: For the present study 100 patients and 100 controls were screened out and studied for their thyroid antibodies, GSH, homocysteine, NOS and vitamin D levels by appropriate protocols to assess the underlying mechanism involved in the schizophrenics susceptible to autoimmune thyroid diseases
Results: The results of the present study depicted that in schizophrenics, levels of cytokines like IL-6 [7.98 +/- 0.67 pg/ml], TNF-alpha, [40.76 +/- 6.98 pg/ml], homocysteine [16.98 +/- 1.09 micro mol/L], Tg-Ab [30.93 +/- 3.87 IU/L], TPO-Ab [10.33 +/- 1.78 IU/L] and TSHr-Ab [3.76 +/- 0.055 IU/L] increased whereas, those of Vit-D [12.76 +/- 0.99 pmol/L], NOS [5.99 +/- 0.87 IU/L], GSH [4.48 +/- .965 micro g/dl] and NO [16.87 +/- 3.98 ng/ml] were decreased in the patients as compared to healthy control subjects
Conclusion: Vitamin-D in schizophrenia is involved in augmentation of hyperhomocysteinemia, inflammation, oxidative stress and thyroid antibodies, thereby playing a significant role not only in induction of schizophrenic symptoms but may also result in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Thus, earlier detection and rectification of its levels are helpful to limit the miseries of schizophrenia